Ion Exchange Technology Improves Processing Flowsheet
Released
Released
Announcement PDF
ASX Announcement
7 August 2025
ASX: OD6
ION EXCHANGE TECHNOLOGY IMPROVES PROCESSING
FLOWSHEET AT THE SPLINTER ROCK RARE EARTH PROJECT
Major improvements in Impurity Removal and Product Quality at
Splinter Rock REE deposit â JORC Mineral Resource of 682Mt @ 1,338ppm TREO
Highlights:
â˘
Ion Exchange (IX) resin technology enhances removal of iron (Fe) and aluminium (Al),
improving product purity and reducing downstream processing risk
â˘
Excellent overall Nd and Pr recovery of ~75% post-impurity removal
â˘
Successful development of uranium (U) and thorium (Th) removal circuit improves product
payability and expands potential global offtake markets
â˘
Minimal Rare Earth Element (REE) loss (<1%) during IX process
â˘
IX further improves the downstream scale of the IR Circuit which is expected to further
optimise both capital and operating costs
â˘
Optimised Impurity Removal (IR) Precipitation and Mixed Rare Earth Carbonate (MREC)
separation processes
â˘
Enhanced process efficiency and product quality expected to materially improve project
economics
â˘
Mixed Rare Earth Carbonate (MREC) product test results expected shortly
â˘
CPC Engineering is undertaking an Optioneering Study in conjunction with ANSTO to assess
and select the preferred development pathway.
Managing Director Brett Hazelden, commented:
âOur flowsheet development has been led by a clear visionâdelivering a high-quality product that meets the needs
of global customers. Weâve focused not only on product purity and recovery but also on reducing capital and
operating costs to ensure robust project economics.
Integrating Ion Exchange into our flowsheet allows us to de-risk and improve the impurity removal process,
specifically targeting aluminium, iron, uranium and thoriumâkey drivers of product payability.
The combined heap leaching and impurity removal process flowsheets that we have tested in conjunction with
ANSTO, are currently being assessed by CPC Engineering to determine the optimal development pathway.
It is also pleasing to see the Hon Madeleine King MP discussing Rare Earths at the Diggers and Dealers Mining forum
this week. The innovations of heap leach, nano filtration and ion exchange strongly position the Splinter Rock Rare
Earth Project for potential government support moving forward.â
MagREE (Magnet Rare Earths) = Nd + Pr + Tb + Dy)
MagREO (Magnet Rare Earth Oxide) = Nd 2O3 + Pr6O11 + Tb 4O7 + Dy2O3
TREO (Total Rare Earth Oxide) = La 2O3 + CeO2 + Pr6O11 + Nd 2O3 + Sm2O3 + Eu 2O3 + Gd 2O3 + Tb 4O7 + Dy2O3 + Ho 2O3 + Er2O3 + Tm2O3 + Yb 2O3 + Lu 2O3 + Y2O3.
OD6 Metals Limited (OD6 or the Company) is pleased to report highly encouraging results from
Ion Exchange (IX) and Impurity Removal (IR) metallurgical testing conducted by the Australian
Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation (ANSTO). This work has significantly enhanced
the processing efficiency and rare earth product quality at the Splinter Rock Rare Earth Project
What is Ion Exchange?
Ion Exchange (IX) is a chemical process where ions are swapped between a solution and a solid material
(usually a resin). In rare earth processing, ion exchange is used to concentrate rare earth elements from complex
mixtures. In our case we are looking to decrease Aluminium (Al) and Iron (Fe) content to improve downstream
Impurity Removal (IR) and Mixed Rare Earth Carbonate (MREC) quality. Further Uranium (U) and Thorium (Th)
can be selectively removed from the final product to enable safe transport and refining.
An analogous process is the use of carbon in gold leaching, whereby gold in liquid is absorbed onto carbon,
then eluted into solution for electrowinning.
Advantages of IX in Mining
â˘
Can be highly selective for removal of impurities eg Fe, Al, U and Th
â˘
IX concentrates REEs requiring a smaller IR circuit
â˘
<1% rare earth losses during the IX process
â˘
Low temperature and energy requirements
â˘
Scalable and widely used in existing commercial applications
Image courtesy
of Roytec
Figure 1: Example of an Ion Exchange system
2
Updated Splinter Rock Processing Flowsheet
OD6 has identified the following simplified Heap Leach, Nanofiltration (NF), Ion Exchange (IX) and Impurity
Removal (IR) processing steps ( Figure 2).
The Heap process, when compared to the Tank Leach process, has the potential to remove several expensive
processing steps, namely: leach tanks, thickening, clay washing, solid liquid separation and reducing total power
requirements and total water requirements. This is expected to significantly reduce capital and operating costs
Figure 2: Indicative processing steps including Heap Leach, Nanofiltration plus Ion Exchange &Impurity Removal
Inside Centre Deposit Heap Leach Results
OD6 intends to focus ongoing works around the Inside Centre Prospect at Splinter Rock which currently has
achieved high heap leach recoveries as previously reported (refer ASX announcement 16-10-2024) which is
summarised in the following.
â˘
Indicated Resource of 119Mt @ 1,632ppm TREO (refer to ASX announcement 29-5-2024).
â˘
Column Leach recoveries of:
o
79% for Magnetic Rare Earth Elements (MagREE)
o
~80% for Nd & Pr
o
~60-70% for Dy & Tb
â˘
Acid consumption Reduced from 37.2 kg/t. to ~7.5kg/t using nanofiltration
â˘
Column leach recoveries continue to increase over 80+ days, suggesting further potential with
extended leach duration.
Nanofiltration (NF) Results
The Inside Centre Prospect has achieved outstanding Nanofiltration acid recovery results as previously reported
(refer ASX announcement 4-8-2025) which is summarised in the following. ANSTO has undertaken the test work
using actual and synthetic heap leach solutions at 38 bar pressure and commercially available membranes .
â˘
84.5% of HCl recovered to permeate (recycled)
â˘
94% of REEs retained in retentate (processed further)
â˘
69% reduction in liquor volume processed in downstream circuit
â˘
Significant reductions in both downstream reagent use and plant size
3
Ion Exchange (IX) Results
ANSTO has undertaken the test work using actual and synthetic heap leach solutions. The Heap leach liquor
post nanofiltration is passed through a column filled with commercially available resin at a temperature of 23oC
over a time period. During this period the resin selectively binds rare earth elements (REEs) ions based on size
and charge differences. The barren liquor after that period is then treated and recycled to the Heap Leach pads
for further use.
Table 1: Ion Exchange Barren solution over time
After REEs are captured (adsorbed) onto the ion exchange resin, they need to be recovered. This is done by
passing a chosen liquid (eluent) through the resin, which displaces the REEs and washes them off the resin and
into a solution. This process is called elution, and the REEs are said to be eluted.
The REE loaded resin is âelutedâ by utilising a NaCl solution acidified to pH 2 using HCl at a temperature of 23oC
over 21 hours at a rate of 0,5 Bed Volume per hour. This puts the REEs back into solution for downstream
Impurity Removal (IR) and future MREC precipitation.
4
Figure 3: Eluate Concentration over time (number of bed volumes
From Table 1 it can be observed that:
â˘
The barren IX solution rejects a significant amount of Fe and to a lesser extent Al
â˘
REE losses to the barren solution increase after around 10 hours providing an upper limit on
loading times
From Figure 3 it can be observed that:
â˘
Approximately 10 Bed Volumes is required to elute the REEs back into solution sufficiently
â˘
A comparatively small amount of Fe is adsorbed onto the Resin vs the Barron Solution
â˘
Aluminium is readily adsorbed onto the resin and will need to be addressed during downstream
Impurity Removal (IR) precipitation
Uranium and Thorium Removal Results
For context, there is a wide variety of acceptable Uranium (U) and Thorium (Th) levels in the final saleable MREC
product. Lower U and Th content generally results in an increase in product payability and broadens potential
worldwide offtake parties .
Specifications for U/Th in MREC vary by customer, but lower values improve payability:
â˘
Typical: U < 5â20 ppm; Th < 10â50 ppm
â˘
Stringent: U < 2 ppm; Th < 5 ppm
ANSTO testing confirms post IX and IR levels of both U and Th are <0.001 wt%.
Further follow up testwork utilising Heap leach liquor, Nanofiltration (NF), Ion Exchange (IX) and Impurity
Removal (IR) to produce a final Mixed Rare Earth Carbonate (MREC) or Hydroxide (MREH) has been undertaken
with final results pending.
5
Impurity Removal (IR) Results
Incorporation of an IX circuit prior to the two stage Impurity Removal (IR) precipitation process has significantly
reduced REE co-precipitation during IR improving overall REE recovery - refer to Figure 4 below
A number of different pH adjusting Alkali have been utilised in previous testwork including Lime, MgO and
NaOH. NaOH is the current preferred Alkali when increasing pH during IR Stage 1 and 2
â˘
Stage 1: ~pH 3.5
â˘
Stage 2: ~pH 4.1 â 4.4
Sodium Carbonate (Na2CO3) or Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH) has been utilised to produce a Mixed Rare
Earth Carbonate (MREC) or Mixed Rare Earth Hydroxide (MREH) respectively.
Final MREC/H precipitation occurs from a starting point of ~4.1 to 4.4 pH to a finish pH of between 7.1
to 7.5.
Nd and Pr losses are approximately 5% during the IR and MREC process step. This results in an overall
recovery of ~75% from mine through to final MREC Product.
Dy and Tb are more readily precipitated at a lower pH which will be important to optimise in future
testwork.
Figure 3: Impurity Removal Curve showing decreasing Al and Fe concentration as pH is increased
Further follow up testwork utilising actual Heap Leach liquor, Nanofiltration (NF), Ion Exchange (IX) and Impurity
Removal (IR) to produce a final Mixed Rare Earth Carbonate (MREC) or Hydroxide (MREH) has been undertaken
with final results pending.
6
Next Steps
Mixed Rare Earth Product Precipitation: Utilising Heap leach liquor, Nanofiltration (NF), Ion Exchange (IX) and
Impurity Removal (IR) to produce a final Mixed Rare Earth Carbonate (MREC) or Hydroxide (MREH). Testwork has
been undertaken with final results pending.
Optioneering Study: As a result of the testwork performed over the last 9 months OD6 has engaged CPC
Engineering (CPC) to undertake and Optioneering Study to evaluate the multiple technically viable flowsheets,
to enable the techno economic assessment of each flowsheet. This study will identify a preferred flowsheet
based on cost, recovery, scalability, and product quality, and is expected to be completed this quarter.
Testwork Scale Up: Heap Leach and Impurity Removal testwork would be scaled up by utilising twin holed
diamond core material of the original 6 holes. 6 PQ drill holes would provide about 1 tonne of REE bearing
material, which can be utilised to conduct multiple optimisation and validation tests findings from the c urrent
reported testwork. This volume would also produce ~1kg of MREC which would enable multiple samples to be
produced for testing and offtake discussions.
7
Competent Persons Statement
The scientific and technical information that relates to process metallurgy is based on information reviewed by
Mr Brett Hazelden (Managing Director and CEO) of OD6 Metals Limited. Mr Hazelden is a Member of the
AusIMM and has sufficient experience relevant to hydrometallurgical processes to qualify as a Competent
Person as defined by the JORC Code. Mr Hazelden owns shares in the Company and participates in the
Companyâs employee securities incentive plan. Mr Hazelden consents to the inclusion in this announcement of
the matters based on their information in the form and context in which it appears.
Information in this report relating to Mineral Resource estimation and Exploration Results is based on
information reviewed by Mr Jeremy Peters who is a Fellow of the Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy
and a Chartered Professional Geologist and Mining Engineer of that organisation. Mr Peters is a Director of
Burnt Shirt Pty Ltd, consulting to OD6 and has sufficient experience which is relevant to clay-hosted rare earth
mineralisation to qualify as a Competent Person as defined by the 2012 Edition of the Australasian Code for
reporting of Exploration Results, Mineral Resources and Ore Reserves. Mr Peters consents to the inclusion of the
data in the form and context in which it appears.
Forward Looking Statements
Certain information in this document refers to the intentions of OD6 Metals, however these are not intended to
be forecasts, forward looking statements, or statements about the future matters for the purposes of the
Corporations Act or any other applicable law. Statements regarding plans with respect to OD6 Metals projects
are forward looking statements and can generally be identified by the use of words such as âprojectâ, âforeseeâ,
âplanâ, âexpectâ, âaimâ, âintendâ, âanticipateâ, âbelieveâ, âestimateâ, âmayâ, âshouldâ, âwillâ or similar expressions. There
can be no assurance that the OD6 Metals plans for its projects will proceed as expected and there can be no
assurance of future events which are subject to risk, uncertainties and other actions that may c ause OD6 Metals
actual results, performance, or achievements to differ from those referred to in this document. While the
information contained in this document has been prepared in good faith, there can be given no assurance or
guarantee that the occurrence of these events referred to in the document will occur as contemplated.
Accordingly, to the maximum extent permitted by law, OD6 Metals and any of its affiliates and their directors,
officers, employees, agents and advisors disclaim any liability whether direct or indirect, express or limited,
contractual, tortuous, statutory or otherwise, in respect of, the accuracy, reliability or completeness of the
information in this document, or likelihood of fulfilment of any forward -looking statement or any event or
results expressed or implied in any forward-looking statement; and do not make any representation or warranty,
express or implied, as to the accuracy, reliability or completeness of the information in this document, or
likelihood of fulfilment of any forward-looking statement or any event or results expressed or implied in any
forward-looking statement; and disclaim all responsibility and liability for these forward -looking statements
(including, without limitation, liability for negligence).
No new information
Except where explicitly stated, this announcement contains references to prior exploration results, all of which
have been cross-referenced to previous market announcements made by the Company. The Company confirms
that it is not aware of any new information or data that materially affects the information included in the
relevant market announcements.
The information in this report relating to the Mineral Resource estimate for the Splinter Rock Project is extracted
from the Companyâs ASX announcements dated 18 July 2024. OD6 confirms that it is not aware of any new
information or data that materially affects the information included in the original announcement and that all
material assumptions and technical parameters underpinning the Mineral Resource estimate continue to apply.
This announcement has been authorised for release by the Board of OD6 Metals Limited
8
About OD6 Metals
OD6 Metals is an Australian public company pursuing exploration and development opportunities within the critical mineral s
sector, namely rare earths and copper.
Copper
The Company is advancing the Gulf Creek Copper-Zinc VMS Project located near the town of Barraba in NSW, Australia.
Gulf Creek was mined at around the turn of the 20th century and was once regarded as the highest grade copper mine (2%
to 6.5% Cu) in NSW until its closure due to weak copper prices in 1912. Very little exploration has occurred at the project i n
over 100 years, with OD6 aiming to apply modern day exploration technologies.
The 2025 maiden drilling program successfully defined high grade copper below the historical mine plus confirmed the
strong relationship between magnetism and massive sulphide mineralisation. Geophysical modelling has identified multiple,
high priority and untested targets ready for drilling providing over >3km of untested strike in the immediate minestratigraphy, and over >10km across the tenement.
Rare Earth Elements
OD6 Metals has successfully identified clay hosted rare earths at its 100% owned Splinter Rock Project which is located in
the Esperance-Goldfields region of Western Australia.
The Company released a Mineral Resource Estimate (MRE) for Splinter Rock in May 2024, confirming that the project hosts
the largest and highest-grade clay-hosted rare earths deposit in Australia with an Indicated Resource of 119Mt @ 1,632ppm
TREO and an Inferred Resource of 563Mt @ 1,275ppm TREO with an overall ratio of ~23% high -value Magnetic Rare Earths
(MagREE).
OD6 Metals believes that Splinter Rock has all the hallmarks of a world class rare earths project with a conceptual development
which utilises the large and high-grade Splinter Rock resource to support a long-life REE operation supported by a low strip ratio
Corporate Directory
Managing Director
Non-Executive Chairman
Non-Executive Director
Mr Brett Hazelden
Mr Piers Lewis
Dr Mitch Loan
Financial Controller/ Joint Company Secretary
Joint Company Secretary
Mr Troy Cavanagh
Mr Joel Ives
Contact
Investor Relations
OD6 Metals Ltd
Lucas Robinson
ACN 654 839 602
www.od6metals.com.au
Mail to: info@od6metals.com.au
Corporate Storytime
lucas@corporatestorytime.com
Phone: +61 408 228 889
Phone: +61 8 6189 8515
Level 1, 1 Alvan Street, Subiaco, WA 6008
9
Metallurgical Sample Selection and Testing Approach
The Company has created a composite sample for the Inside Centre that represent an area of consistent
geology, prior metallurgical outcomes, low striping ratios and significant grades.
A total 6 holes were selected (see table below) to composite at Inside Centre with samples combined by weight
to reflect the intercept length to maintain representativity and minimise any bias.
Column (Heap) Leach tests agglomerated the samples with a small amount of flocculant (~300g/t) to wet the
ore and bind the fines together. They are then irrigated with 25 g/l HCl lixiviant and run at ANSTOâs standard
column operating conditions for the duration of the tests. The column tests were conducted over an 80 day
period with samples still extracting rare earths at the end of this period.
Metallurgical Composite Drill Hole Location Details â Inside Centre Deposit
Hole ID
Type
Easting
Northing
RL (m)
Dip
(degrees)
Depth(s)
SRAC0225
Aircore
501815
6336021
204.1
-90
33-86
SRAC0226
Aircore
501953
6335879
204.4
-90
21-81
SRAC0266
Aircore
501399
6336445
205.4
-90
21-58
SRAC0357
Aircore
502068
6336999
204.9
-90
39-90
SRAC0358
Aircore
502177
6336615
204.0
-90
36-84
SRAC0359
Aircore
501939
6336293
203.5
-90
27-87
Figure 6: Inside Centre Composite Sample Locations overlain on airborne electromagnetic survey interpretation
10
JORC 2012 â Table1: Splinter Rock
Section 1 Sampling Techniques and Data
(Criteria listed in the preceding section also apply to this section)
Criteria
JORC Code explanation
Commentary
Sampling techniques
â˘
â˘
â˘
â˘
â˘
Drilling techniques
Drill sample recovery
â˘
â˘
â˘
â˘
Logging
â˘
â˘
â˘
Sub-sampling techniques
and sample preparation
â˘
â˘
â˘
â˘
â˘
Nature and quality of sampling (eg cut
channels, random chips, or specific
specialised industry standard measurement
tools appropriate to the minerals under
investigation, such as down hole gamma
sondes, or handheld XRF instruments, etc).
These examples should not be taken as
limiting the broad meaning of sampling.
Include reference to measures taken to
ensure sample representivity and the
appropriate calibration of any measurement
tools or systems used.
Aspects of the determination of
mineralisation that are Material to the Public
Report.
In cases where âindustry standardâ work has
been done this would be relatively simple
(eg âreverse circulation drilling was used to
obtain 1 m samples from which 3 kg was
pulverised to produce a 30 g charge for fire
assayâ). In other cases more explanation
may be required, such as where there is
coarse gold that has inherent sampling
problems. Unusual commodities or
mineralisation types (eg submarine nodules)
may warrant disclosure of detailed
information.
Drill type (eg core, reverse circulation, openhole hammer, rotary air blast, auger,
Bangka, sonic, etc) and details (eg core
diameter, triple or standard tube, depth of
diamond tails, face-sampling bit or other
type, whether core is oriented and if so, by
what method, etc).
Method of recording and assessing core and
chip sample recoveries and results
assessed.
Measures taken to maximise sample
recovery and ensure representative nature
of the samples.
Whether a relationship exists between
sample recovery and grade and whether
sample bias may have occurred due to
preferential loss/gain of fine/coarse material.
Whether core and chip samples have been
geologically and geotechnically logged to a
level of detail to support appropriate Mineral
Resource estimation, mining studies and
metallurgical studies.
Whether logging is qualitative or quantitative
in nature. Core (or costean, channel, etc)
photography.
The total length and percentage of the
relevant intersections logged.
If core, whether cut or sawn and whether
quarter, half or all core taken.
If non-core, whether riffled, tube sampled,
rotary split, etc and whether sampled wet or
dry.
For all sample types, the nature, quality and
appropriateness of the sample preparation
technique.
Quality control procedures adopted for all
sub-sampling stages to maximise
representivity of samples.
Measures taken to ensure that the sampling
is representative of the in situ material
â˘
â˘
â˘
â˘
â˘
â˘
â˘
â˘
â˘
â˘
â˘
â˘
â˘
â˘
â˘
â˘
Geochemical sampling was undertaken by sampling of
metre interval samples returned from the cyclone of a
conventional air core drilling rig.
Certified reference samples, duplicates and blank
samples were inserted into the drill sample stream
such as to represent approximately 5% of the samples
submitted to the laboratory for analysis
Two composite samples were collected over three
metre intervals â the first (the A sample) being
submitted for laboratory analysis and the second (the
B sample) being retained as a reference.
A sample from each metre was collected and stored in
a chip tray for logging and x-ray diffraction analysis.
Drill intercept samples for the two heap leaching
metallurgical composites were obtained from the âBâ
samples located on the companyâs Exploration
Licenses. Samples were sent to ANSTO for making up
the composites and completing the testwork.
Air core drilling was completed by hammer and blade
industry standard drilling techniques
Aircore is considered to be an appropriate drilling
technique for saprolite clay
Drilling used blade bits of 87mmĂ with 3m length drill
rods to blade refusal.
Air core recoveries were not recorded but are not
considered to be materially biased, given the nature of
the geology and samples.
The assay data will be analysed against control
samples and historical assays for any indications of
bias
All chips were logged qualitatively and quantitatively.
A sample from each metre was collected and stored in
a chip tray for logging
Geological logs recorded lithology, colour and
weathering.
A composite sample of ~ 3kg for analysis was taken
using a scoop from each metre pile to subsample 1 to
1.5kg sample. This was then dispatched to the
laboratory.
A second composite sample was similarly taken and
stored on site as a reference
Air core samples were a mix of wet and dry
Certified reference samples, duplicates and blank
samples were inserted into the sample stream such as
to represent approximately 5% of the samples
submitted to the laboratory for analysis
Heap Leach test samples were composited from the B
samples by weight to reflect the intercept length to
11
Criteria
JORC Code explanation
â˘
Quality of assay data
and laboratory tests
â˘
â˘
â˘
Verification of sampling
and assaying
â˘
â˘
â˘
â˘
collected, including for instance results for
field duplicate/second-half sampling.
Whether sample sizes are appropriate to the
grain size of the material being sampled.
The nature, quality and appropriateness of
the assaying and laboratory procedures
used and whether the technique is
considered partial or total.
For geophysical tools, spectrometers,
handheld XRF instruments, etc, the
parameters used in determining the analysis
including instrument make and model,
reading times, calibrations factors applied
and their derivation, etc.
Nature of quality control procedures adopted
(eg standards, blanks, duplicates, external
laboratory checks) and whether acceptable
levels of accuracy (ie lack of bias) and
precision have been established.
The verification of significant intersections by
either independent or alternative company
personnel.
The use of twinned holes.
Documentation of primary data, data entry
procedures, data verification, data storage
(physical and electronic) protocols.
Discuss any adjustment to assay data.
Commentary
maintain representativity and minimise any bias
â˘
âA Samplesâ were submitted for chemical analysis
using industry standard sample preparation and
analytical techniques including:
â˘
Riffle split all âA samplesâ to 50:50 bagging one
half as a coarse reject for storage
â˘
Pulverise the balance of the material via LM-5
â˘
Generate a standard 300g master pulp packet
â˘
Bag the balance as a bulk pulp master for storage
⢠Multi-Element Ultra Trace method ME-MS61r for
exploration in soils or sediments. 4-Acid digest on
0.25g sample analysed via ICP-MS and ICP-AES.
REEs included.
⢠The final column residues were also analysed. The
following techniques were used:
â˘
XRF at ANSTO for major gangue elements (Al,
Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, Ni, P, Si, Sr, Zn) and a
range of minor elements
â˘
The REEs along with Y, U, Th and Sc in the
samples will be analysed by tetraborate fusion
digest/ICP-MS (lithium tetraborate method) and
four acid digest/ICP-MS at ALS Geochemistry
Laboratory, Brisbane
â˘
â˘
â˘
â˘
Certified reference samples, duplicates and blank
samples were inserted into the drill sample stream
such as to represent approximately 5% of the samples
submitted to the laboratory for analysis
No holes were twinned (duplicated).
Data stored in a database, with auto -validation of
logging data,
Multielement results (REE) are converted to
stoichiometric oxide (REO) using element-tostoichiometric conversion factors.
Element ppm
Ce
Dy
Er
Eu
Gd
Ho
La
Lu
Nd
Pr
Sm
Tb
Tm
Y
Yb
â˘
â˘
Conversion Factor
1.2284
1.1477
1.1435
1.1579
1.1526
1.1455
1.1728
1.1371
1.1664
1.2082
1.1596
1.1510
1.1421
1.2699
1.1387
Oxide Form
CeO2
Dy2 O3
Er2 O3
Eu2 O3
Gd2 O3
Ho2 O3
La2 O3
Lu2 O3
Nd2 O3
Pr6 O11
Sm2 O3
Tb4 O7
Tm2 O3
Y2 O3
Yb2 O3
Rare earth oxide is the industry accepted form for
reporting rare earths. The following calculations are
used for compiling REO into their reporting and
evaluation groups:
TREO (Total Rare Earth Oxide)
= La2O 3 + CeO 2 + Pr 6O 11 + Nd 2O 3 + Sm2O 3 + Eu2O 3 +
Gd 2O 3 + Tb4O 7 + Dy 2O 3 + Ho 2O 3 + Er 2O 3 + Tm2O 3 +
Yb2O 3 + Lu2O 3 + Y2O 3.
Note that Y2O 3 is included in the TREO calculation.
12
Criteria
JORC Code explanation
Commentary
Location of data points
â˘
Accuracy and quality of surveys used to
locate drill holes (collar and down-hole
surveys), trenches, mine workings and other
locations used in Mineral Resource
estimation.
Specification of the grid system used.
Quality and adequacy of topographic control.
â˘
Data spacing for reporting of Exploration
Results.
Whether the data spacing and distribution is
sufficient to establish the degree of
geological and grade continuity appropriate
for the Mineral Resource and Ore Reserve
estimation procedure(s) and classifications
applied.
Whether sample compositing has been
applied.
â˘
â˘
â˘
Data spacing and
distribution
â˘
â˘
â˘
â˘
â˘
â˘
â˘
â˘
â˘
â˘
â˘
â˘
â˘
â˘
â˘
â˘
Orientation of data in
relation to geological
structure
â˘
â˘
Whether the orientation of sampling
achieves unbiased sampling of possible
structures and the extent to which this is
known, considering the deposit type.
If the relationship between the drilling
orientation and the orientation of key
mineralised structures is considered to have
introduced a sampling bias, this should be
assessed and reported if material.
â˘
â˘
â˘
â˘
â˘
Drill hole collars were located using a handheld GPS
to +/-5m accuracy
Grid system was MGA 94 Zone 51
Downhole survey was not undertaken, the holes being
vertical
No topography control was used, given the relatively
flat topography
Drilling intervals were closed to approximately 200m
centres where historic drilling returned elevated REE
assays
Downhole samples were taken on 1m intervals
This drilling indicated excellent continuity, particularly
when supported by the results of the Tempest
Airborne Aeromagnetic Survey, which was used to
define basin limits.
Tempest Airborne Electromagnetic Survey (AEM),
undertaken by Xcalibur Multiphysics
Data collected using the TEMPEST EM system (50Hz)
using fixed wing aircraft.
Nominal flight height of 120 m above ground level.
GPS cycle rate of 1 second, accuracy 0.5m
Altimeter accuracy of 0.05m
Flight line spacing 400 to 800m.
Conductivity measurements and sampling interval at
approximately 11 to 12 metres along line.
This data when combined with further drilling will be
utilised to guide future mineral resource estimation
Drillholes were vertical and approximately
perpendicular to mineralisation hosted in flat lying claybeds
This orientation is not considered by the Competent
Person to have introduced material sampling bias.
For AEM data: Flight lines are North West- South East:
drainage and regolith patterns s
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